These subjects have a chapter to themselves, but a few general words are not out of place here. A tropical tank is usually heated electrically, with a control known as a thermostat, which is set to keep the tank at about the same temperature all the time. Of course, the thermostat works only downward, and if the outside temperature rises above that set by the thermostat it cannot prevent the tank from getting warmer too. Actually, even fairly small tanks take quite a time to absorb heat from the air and do not usually heat up unduly as long as the night brings some relief.
The thermostat is nearly always clipped onto the side of the tank, and more than one tank may be controlled by the same instrument, as long as they are in similar situations. Heaters may be clipped onto the side or may be totally submerged, but if submerged they should never be buried in the sand, for they may overheat and fuse. Both thermostat and heater are usually placed on opposite ends of the back of the tank, so that they do not obtrude and so that the warm water rising from the heater does not immediately affect the thermostat and cause it to switch off the current too quickly, before the rest of the tank is warmed up. A good thermostat has a small differential, which means that it does not allow the water to vary by more than a degree or two in temperature.
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